Thursday, November 28, 2019

Best Quotes About Friendship From the Greatest Thinkers

Best Quotes About Friendship From the Greatest Thinkers What is friendship? How many types of friendship can we recognize, and in what degree shall we seek each of them? Many of the greatest philosophers in both ancient and modern times have addressed those questions and neighboring ones. Ancient Philosophers on Friendship   Friendship played a central role in ancient ethics and political philosophy. The following are quotes on the topic from some of the most notable thinkers from ancient Greece and Italy. Aristotle aka AristotelÄ“s NÄ «komakhou kai Phaistidos StageiritÄ“s (384–322 B.C.): In books eight and nine of the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle divided friendship into three types: Friends for pleasure: Social bonds that are established to enjoy one’s spare time, such as friends for sports or hobbies, friends for dining, or for parties.Friends for benefit: All bonds for which cultivation is primarily motivated by work-related reasons or by civic duties, such as being friends with your colleagues and neighbors.True friends: True friendship and true friends are what Aristotle explains are mirrors to each other and a single soul dwelling in two bodies. In poverty and other misfortunes of life, true friends are a sure refuge. The young they keep out of mischief; to the old, they are a comfort and aid in their weakness, and those in the prime of life, they incite to noble deeds. St. Augustine aka Saint Augustine of Hippo (354–430 A.D.): I want my friend to miss me as long as I miss him.   Cicero aka Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 B.C.): A friend is, as it were, a second self. Epicurus (341–270 B.C.):  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It is not so much our friends help that helps us as it is, as the confidence of their help.† Euripides (c.484–c.406 B.C.):  Friends show their love in times of trouble, not in happiness. and Life has no blessing like a prudent friend.   Lucretius aka Titus Lucretius  Carus (c.94–c.55 B.C.):  We are each of us angels with only one wing, and we can only fly by embracing one another. Plautus aka Titus Maccius Plautus (c.254–c.184 B.C.):  Nothing but heaven itself is better than a friend who is really a friend. Plutarch aka Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus (c.45–c.120 A.D.):  I dont need a friend who changes when I change and who nods when I nod; my shadow does that much better.   Pythagoras aka Pythagoras of Samos (c.570–c.490 B.C.): Friends are as companions on a journey, who ought to aid each other to persevere in the road to a happier life. Seneca aka Seneca the Younger or Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c.4 B.C.–65 A.D.:  Friendship always benefits; love sometimes injures. Zeno aka Zeno of Elea (c.490–c.430 BC):  A friend is another self. Modern and Contemporary Philosophy on Friendship   In modern and contemporary philosophy, friendship loses the central role it had played once upon a time. Largely, we may speculate this to be related to the emergence of new forms of social aggregations.  Nonetheless, it is easy to find some good quotes. Francis Bacon (1561–1626): Without friends the world is but a wilderness. There is no man that imparteth his joys to his friend, but he joyeth the more; and no man that imparteth his griefs to his friend, but he grieveth the less. William James (1842–1910):  Human beings are born into this little span of life of which the best thing is its friendship and intimacies, and soon their places will know them no more, and yet they leave their friendships and intimacies with no cultivation, to grow as they will by the roadside, expecting them to keep by force of inertia.   Jean de La Fontaine (1621–1695):  Friendship is the shadow of the evening, which strengthens with the setting sun of life. Clive Staples Lewis (1898–1963):  Friendship is unnecessary, like philosophy, like art... It has no survival value; rather it is one of those things that give value to survival. George Santayana (1863–1952):  Friendship is almost always the union of a part of one mind with the part of another; people are friends in spots. Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862):  The language of friendship is not words, but meanings.

Monday, November 25, 2019

The False Promise of Gun Control essays

The False Promise of Gun Control essays After the class debate, Tougher Gun Control on November 12, 1999: I gained a new understanding of the opposing sides views on the issue. They had some very strong arguments, including some very weak points. I'll start with the stronger points and diminish to the weaker arguments throughout this paper. I do believe that if gun control laws get even tougher ( to the point of imprisonment ) than they are at this present time in society, our jails, prisons and correctional facilities will soon be overcrowded and we will have a sentencing problem with any issue that arises in the state that assigns the rules on gun control. There are too many conflicts and crossroads that develop when a stand against one issue will cause debates in another subject, such as sentencing of "gun abusers" and the overcrowding of prisons. The opposing side also mentioned how the "black market" (a name for an underground organization that is stolen, bought and sold, merchandise) would simply make firearms so much more expensive because they are now all illegal to citizens. Well, I don't think that if their were to be tougher gun control laws, all of the firearms in the United States of America would be banned, tougher gun control is simply the monitoring of guns, making sure they are not as easy to get in the stores as well as on the street. I believe the opposing side was thinking in terms of NO GUNS IN THE COUNTRY...EVER! And that's not at all what this issue is about. The other sides weakest argument, in my opinion was how they are now making guns with sensors that will only fire with the owners fingerprints. Even though this may be a breakthrough in technology for some, there will always be others to break the system. What makes the average citizen feel that the suspect cannot get replicas of a fingerprint with all of the technology their is in this world? No matter what new devices are developed in today's time, their is always somebody ...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

A Good Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Good Life - Essay Example This positive vibe helps in accomplishing our dreams and whatever we want to achieve at a certain point of time. Another method that can be helpful is trying to concentrate on our strengths rather than our weaknesses. Once we are aware what we are capable of, we become confident, this confidence in return helps us to become happy and satisfied. Satisfaction is something which is lacking in us today. We are always craving for more and more. The ongoing hunger to get more and more takes away our happiness. Let us take a simple example in this context. A rich man is never satisfied and always tensed, the reason being that he is greedy to have more. He can never be content and happy. Where as a poor man realizes that he cannot achieve much in his life and he is content with what he has and never tries to get more. He is happier compared to the rich man. So, we can understand one thing that luxury cannot give us happiness or in other words, one does not need to be rich to lead a good life . A simple life is important to lead a good life. Another important thing that needs to be kept in mind is that we should never hold on t our past, rather we should let it go. The past cannot be changed but holding to it will definitely ensure that we ignore in building a better future. One should learn from the past and try to be better prepared for the future.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

A Supra-National Constitution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

A Supra-National Constitution - Assignment Example The concept of supremacy of EC law is directly related to the principle of direct effect, direct applicability, and self-execution. The first is pertinent to implementation while the others are to enforcement. It would certainly be impossible to achieve the objective of the Community if its laws cannot be implemented consistently among its members. In traditional international law, the determination of whether a certain provision is directly effective is decided by domestic law. It is also a domestic law that will determine what are the conditions under which such effectiveness applies. This traditional mechanism was short-circuited by the European Community due to its supra-national status and evolved the Community into a legal order sui generis. The principle of supremacy is implied in the very creation of the Community, this is the gist of several decisions of the European court justifying compliance with Community law. Its articulation was necessary for the enforcement of Community law through national authorities and courts. The determination of supremacy, direct effectiveness, direct applicability and self-execution of the provisions of Community law is done under the procedures and precepts of Community law. These doctrines are actually described as constitutionalizing; implementing supra-national effect of the treaty in its member states. As stated in Les Verts, â€Å"The EEC is a Community based on the rule of law, inasmuch as neither its Member States nor its institutions can avoid a review of the question whether the measures adopted by them are in conformity with the basic constitutional charter, the Treaty.†

Monday, November 18, 2019

Education Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Education Law - Essay Example Khan has experienced, the law as practiced has proved to be inadequately enacted throughout the UK school system. This paper will examine legal standards expected of schools as they relate to students with special needs and to what degree schools are implementing these standards. Throughout and again mentioned in the conclusion, this paper will outline what steps a parent can take to ensure their child is placed in an environment best suited to those individuals needs. Relevant legislation involving religious provisions and how they differ with the U.S. will be discussed as the religious cultures of these countries vary significantly as do their policies and general understandings of to what level of participation government entities should be allowed to have concerning religious studies in schools. To guide Mr. Khan to the most effective avenues to ensure the most appropriate school setting for his daughter, a determination of how she is classified under UK law is necessary before looking into the rights to which she is entitled. Amina has had a Statement of Special Education Needs (SEN) for three years. According to the DDA, a person has a disability â€Å"if they have a physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on his ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities.† (Disability Discrimination Act, 1995). The Local Education Authority (LEA) has determined and maintained for three years that Amina is a SEN’s child thus providing for each aspect of the act’s definition of a disability. Further, the Department for Education and Skills (DES), a government agency, states that children â€Å"have special educational needs if they cannot manage the lessons, access the curriculum or get around the school building in th e same way as other children of the same age, and special arrangements are needed to support them.† (School Coordinators, 2005). The guidelines of

Friday, November 15, 2019

Vortioxetine: Long and Short Term Effectiveness

Vortioxetine: Long and Short Term Effectiveness Clinical Efficacy and Tolerability Studies:  Effectiveness in short term therapy Thase M et al. performed meta-analysis on 10 short term placebo-controlled clinical trials [studies analyzed were with Clinical trial registry no:NCT00839423, NCT00635219, NCT00735709, NCT01140906, NCT01153009, NCT01163266, NCT00672958, NCT00672620, NCT01179516, NCT00811252]outcome submitted to USFDA for vortioxetine approval purpose and demonstrate the efficacy of the compound in treatment of MDD. They observed existence of dose response correlation across the dosage strength (5-20mg/day) of vortioxetine on the basis of MADRS as efficacy measurement scale. The analysis reported clinically meaningful efficacy of vortioxetine through mean difference in change from baseline MADRS total score (32.4 ±4.1 for vortioxetine(n=2416) and 32.1 ±4.0 for placebo(n=1439)) observed for 5mg strength(difference of change in score: -2.6; p=0.008), 10 mg strength (-3.5; p The very first study to identify efficacy, safety and tolerability of vortioxetine 5mg and 10 mg/day dosage vs. placebo was carried out for 6 weeks with participation of 429 patients with baseline Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score 30. Venlafaxine XR 225mg/day was used as an active reference in this multi-site study. The study exhibited superior treatment by vortioxetine in comparison of placebo as evident by significant difference (p Impairment in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a chronic illness directly related to depression. Improvement in HRQoL in patient suffering of MDD reflects therapeutic effectiveness and enhance patient adherence to the drug. Florea I et al. performed random effect meta-analysis on 9 placebo controlled short term studies [Studies included are Clinical trial registry no.: NCT 00839423; NCT00635219; NCT01323478; NCT00672958; NCT00672620; NCT00735709; NCT01153009; NCT01163266] of patients with MDD receiving vortioxetine using a variety of quality-of-life assessment tools. The meta-analysis (FAS, MMRM) showed a statistically significant difference from placebo in favor of vortioxetine (p Effectiveness on Cognitive function: Efficacy of vortioxetine on cognitive function in depressed adults Memory impairment as a Neurocognitive mutilation is prominent in patients with MDD and the same is considered s a marker of brain dysfunctinality (Burt D). Antidepresant drugs with positive effect on reversal of cognitive dysfunction are differenciated from the antidepressants with no cognitive effect to facilitate good prescription in general. In a preclinical study, Vortioxetine enhanced memory in rat as evident by novel object recognition test and alleviated extracellular level of acetylcholine and histamine when 1-10 mg/kg drug is administered subcutaneously to experimental animals (Mork A, 2013). The chronic dietary administration of drug also found to be effective in alleviation of stress-induced impairment in reversal learning when adult male rats were exposed to chronic intermittent cold (CIC) stress and 4-chloro-DL-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (PCPA), a 5-HT depleting agent (Wallace A, 2014). Restoration of 5-HT depletion impaired memory by Vortioxetine was also demonstrated by Jardin KG and Jansen JB through PCPA induced 5-HT depletion model and behavioural tests including object recognition (OR) and Y-maze spontaneous alternation (SA) tests respectively. SERT (Serotonin transporters) occupancy (>90%) by vortioxetine was established in their preclinical work, with reports of dose-dependently reversed recognition memory and spatial working memory in rats. Effectiveness in MDD relapse prevention (Long term therapy) Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients have to maintain therapy even after remission by acute treatment to prevent relapse especially when residual symptom and comorbid illnesses (E.g: MDD with generalized anxiety disorder) are present at the remission point (Keller M, 2007). The long term efficacy of antidepressants is also be established by study of its role in maintenance treatment in preventing depression recurrence in patients who responded to acute therapy (Kornstein 2006)(Steinert C 2014). Alam M et al (NCT 00707980) carried out an open-label, 52-weeks, long term study to identify efficacy of vortioxetine along with monitoring of adverse effects. This was the extension of two double blind, placebo controlled short term (8weeks) lead in studies involving participants suffering of MDD. Total 834 patients were treated with 5 mg/day dose of vortioxetine for first week followed by dose titration from 2.5 mg/day to 10 mg/day depending on intensity of response till 52 weeks. The study concluded with absence of potential adverse effect reports and proved efficacy of vortioxetine by maintenance of remission observed by Change From Baseline score of MADRS Total Score (Observation: -7.4  ±9.81 units Change from baseline score as end point result) and 24-item Hamilton Depression total score (Observation: -7.9  ±9.66 units change from baseline score as end point result). Furthermore, Baldwin DS et al reported safety and efficacy of vortioxetine in prevention of relapse of MDD o n the basis of 52 weeks of remission maintenance therapy in patients who previously completed acute therapy of vortioxetine for 8 weeks with evidence of remission. Patients reported approximately 8 points reduction from 13.5 ±8.7 base line MADRS score after 52 weeks of treatment indicated favorable profile of vortioxetine (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/day) in relapse prevention during long term remission maintenance therapy of MDD. At the end of 52 week treatment, approximately 2% patients have shown sign of relapse (MDRS score ≠¥ 22) as per Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. For vortioxetine, a MDD relapse prevention study was carried out with participation of 639 MDD patients aged between 18-75 years and diagnosed with a current major depressive episode (MDE) within four weeks duration. In this investigation, against baseline score in MADRS scale ≠¥26, a remission point was considered as MADRS total score ≠¤10 for vortioxetine (5 or 10 mg/day) treated patients to enter in double-blind, 24 weeks phase of treatment with either placebo (n=192) or vortioxetine (n=204) for relapse time analysis. At the end of the study, relapse rate was 13% and 26% for vortioxetine and placebo treated groups respectively as an evidence of efficacy of vortioxetine in prevention of relapse in 396 patients participated in 24 week phase (Boulenger JP 2012). COMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY Treatment with vortioxetine (2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg) failed to make differentiation from placebo when Change From Baseline in MADRS Total Score was considered as a primary efficacy analysis tool in a 8 Week randomized, double blind clinical study. In the same investigation, Duloxetine (60 mg), a reference drug used to find efficacy of vortioxetine, also failed to make differentiation against placebo in primary efficacy analysis. Secondary efficacy outcome analysis and tolerability analysis suggested efficacy of vortioxetine with 5mg and 10 mg strength through MMRM (Mixed-Effect Model Repeated Measure) model (Badwin DS, 2012). In a randomized, double blind study involving comparison of vortioxetine (n= 252) and agomelatine (n=241), superiority of treatment with vortioxetine (p Katona C et al reported significantly (P = 0.0011) higher efficacy of vortioxetine (5 mg/day) in comparison of placebo by 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D (24)) total score () as the primary measure. 29.2 vs. 19.3% remission rate were observed at the endpoint for vortioxetine and placebo controlled population respectively during the study which also involved duloxetine as active reference. The patient adherence rate was 94.2% in case of vortioxetine and 90.1% in case of duloxetine demonstrated tolerability of vortioxetine in their study. Comparative Safety of vortioxetine (10mg per day) in MDD treatment was established on the basis of 15 days study demonstrating its effect on psychomotor performance in 24 healthy subjects. The drug didn’t show alteration in psychomotor functioning withing and at the end point of te study. The investigation also involved use of Mirtazapine as an active reference which was found to be inferior through strandardized driving test due to cognitive impairment obsrved by it. (Theunissen). EFFECTIVENESS ON ETHNIC POPULATION Majority of the clinical investigations listed in table 3 were carried out at multi sites involving global population and diverse demographic distribution. The drug was found to be equally effective on participants from different countries. Recently H.Lundbeck announced head-to-head study results comparing efficacy and tolerability of vortioxetine 10mg/day and venlafaxine XR 150mg/day in treatment of MDD in 437 adult participants (Inclusion criteria: MADRS total score ≠¥26) from four Asian countries, Thailand, South Korea, Taiwan and China. The end point outcome established slightly more effectiveness of vortioxetine compared to venlafaxine with mean difference of -1.20 points in change observed in baseline MADRS total score(with 95% CI: -3.03 to -0.63). The superiority of vortioxetine was strongly supported by its tolerability data observed as lesser incidences of adverse events (6.6% vs. 13.7%) and lesser drop out ratio of participants (18% vs. 27.4%) in case of vortioxetine treatment compared to active reference. Efficacy of vortioxetine in Asian population was established by substantial improvement in MDD as evident by change in baseline score i.e.: -19.4 points on MADRS total score. SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY Efficacy and safety for Sexual function maintenance Sexual dysfunction is one of the major risks of antidepressant therapy particularly with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)(Strohmaier J 2011). Therapy discontinuation is reported frequently in clinical studies involving various antidepressants due to adverse effects associated with sexual problems which includes including anorgasmia, problems in ejaculation, absence of libido and impotence but still sexual dysfunction is one of the most under-rated AEs (Serretti A). at the same time symptoms and illness of depression is also known to be associated with sexual dysfunctions(Baldwin D, 2013 AND Foong T; Reichenpfader U,). In this dilemma, the data generated through efficacy and safety studies of vortioxetine are supporting the selection of vortioxetine as an antidepressant with the minimum side effects as far as sexual health impairment is concerned. A study involving MDD patients suffering of SSRI monotherapy (Treatment with citalopram, paroxetine or sertraline) induced sexual dysfunction indicated effectiveness of vortioxetine in clinically meaningful improvement in sexual functioning compared to escitalopram. This multicentre, randomized, double-blind, active controlled clinical trial was carried out on SSRI treated 447 participants who were already in partial or full remission state from MDD as measured by the MADRS and CGI-S/I(Clinical global impression severity and improvement scales). The participants were switched 10 mg/day fixed dose of vortioxetine or escitalopram for the first week of study. Further, the dose was increased to 20 mg/day in second week followed by flexible dose (10-20 mg/day) till the end of 8th week. The dose was taped down to 10 mg/day for escitalopram control group whereas vortioxetine treated group was switched to placebo control for another 1 week. Treatment with vortioxetine(n=169) concluded in a s tatistically significant treatment effect by change from baseline CSFQ-14(Changes in sexual functioning Questionnaire) total score at the end of 8th week of study in comparison of escitalopram(n=179). A mean treatment difference of 2.2 points for vortioxetine vs escitalopram groups(95% CI: 0.48—4.02; p=0.013, MMRM) proved efficacy of vortioxetine in sexual function restoration and MDD remission mintenance in patients treated with other antidepressant previously. Previously, during the proof-of-concept, short term efficacy study for vortioxetine (5mg/day and 10 mg/day) with placebo control and active reference control has demonstrated statistically higher safety of vortioxetine in comparison of active reference (12.4% incidences for venlafaxine vs. 1.9% incidences for 5 mg/day vortioxetine and placebo, p=0.0033, Fishers exact test) and equivalent safety in comparison to placebo group for the incidences of sexual dysfunction related adverse effects. In contrast, Mahbaleshwarkar 2013 (NCT00672620) reported high incidences (51% for and 37.5% for vortioxetine 2.5 mg and 5 mg versus 26.9% duloxetine and 33.3% placebo group) of treatment-emergent sexual function impairment by treatment with vortioxetine. They monitored sexual dysfunction as a adverse effect using the ASEX (Arizona sexual experience) scale. The study involving a total 9f 611 participants also concluded with observation of non-significant difference in changes from baseline of HAM-D2 4 total score between 5mg, 10 mg vortioxetine and placebo. The above studies indicate that sexual function related AEs is not a concern for long term use of vortioxetine as a remission maintenance therapy unlike other antidepressants whereas patients may suffer by adverse effects related with sexual dysfunction when the therapy for remission with 5mg or 10 mg dose is started in patients suffering of MDD. Adverse Effects Frequency and severity of adverse effect and change in selected vital body parameters, ECG, weight change due to vortioxetine (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0mg/day) administration were observed during a 52 week open labeled study by during a open label long term study by Baldwin DS. They also considered physical examination and clinical safety laboratory tests to make thorough investigation. Out of 535 participants, only 2% of individuals have shown sign of severe adverse effects but none of the adverse effect was prevalent in more than 0.56% individuals among total participants. Apart from this, majority of the patients reported the non-serious adverse effects have shown sign of nausea (19.81%) and headache (15.33%). Sexual dysfunction related adverse effects were reported in six patients at the end of the study. This study was also concluded with effectiveness of vortioxetine in long term treatment as mentioned previously in this article. The study was concluded with positive outcome in terms o f tolerability of vortioxetine for long term maintenance therapy in patients with MDD remission. Drug Interactions Vortioxetine dose adjustment is not required based on age, race, gender, ethnicity, renal or hepatic impairment but due to serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, the drug is contraindicated in concomitant administration with irreversible non selective MAOIs(Monoamino oxidase inhibitors). Chen G et al reported drug interaction cases affecting pharmacokinetic profile of vortioxetine in healthy subjects. They observed need of dosage adjustment of vortioxetin when it is concomminately administered with bupropion, rifampicin as steady state AUC and Cmax of of vorteoxetine enhanced by 128 and 114% in case of bupropion co-administration and suppressed by 72% and 51% in case of rifampicin co-administration. At the same time, tolerability of simultaneous therapy was evident by absence of any severe adverse effects. They also reported safety of vorteoxetine in concomminent administration of popular contraceptive, Estradiol. Vortioxetine is mainly metabolized in liver by CYP2D6 and up to some extent by CYP2C9 and CYP34/5. This makes vortioxetine sensitive to other drugs which are CYP2D6 inhibitors, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 inhibitors and Cytochrome P450 inducers. Other than these, reversible and non-selective MAOI and serotonergic medicinal products are also potential drug substances affecting efficacy and safety of vortioxetine.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

The Laser Essay -- essays research papers

The Laser Before we can learn about the laser we need to know a little bit about light (since that is what a laser is made of). Light from our sun, or from an electric bulb, is called white light. It is really a mixture of all the different colours of light. The colours range from violet, indigo, and blue, to green, yellow, orange, and red. These make up the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Light is made up of particles, called PHOTONS, which travel in waves. The difference in the colour depends on the wavelength of the light. Violet light has the shortest wavelength while red has the longest. There are other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum which includes infra-red, radar, television radio and micro- waves (past red on the spectrum), and on the other end of the spectrum are the other invisible radiations, ultra- violet, X rays, micro waves and gamma rays. The wavelength of the light is important to the subject of the laser. A laser is made up of COHERENT light, a special kind of light in which the wavelengths of the light are all the same length, and the crests of these waves are all lined up, or in PHASE. The word Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. What does that mean? Basically a laser is a device which produces and then amplifies light waves and concentrates them into an intense penetrating beam. The principles of the laser (and it's cousin the maser) were established long before these devices were succes...

Monday, November 11, 2019

Modernization theory and Dependency theory Essay

Skidmore and Smith present two theories, Modernization theory and Dependency theory. Modernization theory is that positive material growth yields positive social equality. Dependency theory states that a dependent economy yields or brings social inequality, which in turn can lead to political authoritarianism. Skidmore and Smith state that dependency theory distorts modernizations predicted outcomes. Mercantilism is a form of dependency. The social, economic and political outcomes from Modernization seem positive. Socially, the transition from a rural to an urban society will bring a change in values. People would begin to participate in voluntary organizations which only an authentic democracy requires. A middle class would emerge to play a progressive and economic role in society. This theory shows that they weren’t different just behind. Skidmore and Smith’s modernization theory is used to describe the nature of development. The social, economic and political outcomes of a dependant economy are negative. Social inequality will appear and the different classes will become further and further apart. Economically Latin America would depend on foreign markets, which â€Å"during the 20’s a depression occurred.† Economically Latin America exported raw materials and imported finished goods. This leads to growth without development. Economic dependency leads to a political authoritarianism. The causative variable for these outcomes that Skidmore and Smith stated is economic dependency. There are two forms of economic dependency that Skidmore and Smith explain. They are mercantilism, the colonial period, and the ECLA thesis, post 1880 period. Mercantilism is a dictated economic policy that emerged during the colonial period. Mercantilism required colonies to produce raw materials for the mother country. The mother country would supply the colonies with finished products in return. This arrangement was geared toward the economic enrichment of the mother country at the expense of the colonies. The ECLA thesis developed by Presbish, it states that overtime the prices of finished products rise faster than the prices of  primary products, raw materials. The ECLA thesis explains the nature of dependency during the post-independent, 1880 period to the present.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Dos and donts when searching for a new job

Dos and donts when searching for a new job Attention millennials: Are you gearing up for a job hunt?  As someone who’s young and relatively new to the world of work, you may just be starting to realize that the level of competition for available positions out there is intense- which means that you’re going to have to be at the top of your game when searching for a new job and there’s zero margin for error if you want to be taken seriously by potential employers, hiring managers, and HR professionals (AKA, the job gatekeepers). The Balance recently published an article highlighting the uphill battle millennials currently face in the job market today, along with practical job searching tips they can employ as young workers in the constantly evolving professional landscape.According to the article, â€Å"Even as the job market has recovered following the Great Recession, unemployment for millennials continues to remain high when compared to older, more experienced workers. Some classic job search advice- like  avoid job-hopping- isn’t applicable to millennials, who are frequent targets of layoffs and victims of industry instability.†Obviously, millennials need a specific and targeted set of job hunting dos and don’ts when searching for new jobs. Take advantage of the following list of guidelines to make your next hunt as successful as possible.Job Search DosDefine your goals.  When you get started on your next job hunt, you should kick things off by envisioning a primary goal for yourself. This may be a challenging task if you’re just getting started in the professional world and haven’t pinpointed what exactly you want to do, but you should try your best to focus your job hunt as precisely as possible.Why is this so crucial? Your goal will help you target your cover letters and resume, and focus your job search. Also, hiring personnel love a confident young potential hire who knows exactly what she or he wants to do with their life. If you have a goal for your next job hunt, then great- run with it! If not, consider asking yourself the following questions to help you define your goals and purpose:What am I passionate about?Why do I do  what  I do?Which values are driving my goals?What’s my purpose?What vision do I have for my career over the next 1, 3, 5, or 10 years?Target your audience.  Now that you have some clearly defined goals for your job hunt, you can begin to target your audience- this includes the industries, insiders, and companies that you want to connect with in an effort to help you achieve your stated goals. Some of you may already feel as if you know everything there is to know about the position or industry you’re looking to break into. If so, then great. If not, then do some research and get to know as much as you can at the onset of your job hunt.Consider asking yourself the following questions when you’re trying to figure things out:  Are there specific companies I’ m interested in?Am I aiming to secure a position in a specific industry?What advantage or benefit does this position bring to their business?What will the company be lacking or missing if there’s no one in this position?Consider some of the struggles and obstacles facing the employer and the industry. Make a list of the most critical ones, and reflect on times in the past when you’ve confronted similar challenges.Define your potential value.  With a clearly defined goal and audience, you can begin crafting your targeted resumes and cover letters- and demonstrate your value as a potential hire. What can you potentially offer employees if you were hired? How can you help them meet their specific needs?If you need some guidance to help you define your potential value, including what makes you stand out from the job hunting crowd, ask yourself the following questions:What benefit or contribution do I add?What key accomplishments or successes have I delivered time and tim e again?What would I say is unique about myself and how I do what I do?What are my greatest strengths?What do others see as the value I add?How have I positively influenced others?What would others say is fascinating, compelling, or interesting about me?What benefit would an employer or company get from choosing me over another candidate?What benefit or value did I bring to my previous employers?You should also reach out to friends, family, and your network and ask them which words they would use to describe you.Know where to look.  The job hunt landscape has changed drastically from what your parents might remember, so consider passing them by for advice. The article by The Balance has some excellent targeted advice for conducting an effective job search: â€Å"Millennials are the social media generation, and your network of friends and acquaintances on major social media platforms can do more than like statuses. Connections are valuable- from sharing a job description that hasn ’t been posted to making an introduction, your connections can help with your job search greatly.†They suggest the following targeted tips for kickstarting things:Sign up for LinkedIn: Make the most of this targeted site, designed specifically for making career connections and job hunting. A basic account is free, so there’s really no reason not to take advantage of it.Clean up your existing social media: Make sure there’s nothing embarrassing or offensive that might pop up on the social media sites you use, should potential employers check them out.Use your college career office: Another great free resource, take advantage of the services your college career office provides to get a step up on the competition.Attend industry events: Events designed for folks in your target industry to connect are excellent opportunities for you to meet key people and possibly network your way into your next great career opportunity.Job Search Dont’sDon’t ign ore the basics.  Many of the fundamentals of an effective job search have not changed over time, so overlook them at your own peril:Follow instructions provided when applying to each job.Make sure your resume and cover letter are free of errors.Follow the rules of proper interview etiquette- be polite, dress appropriately, display good body language, and turn off your phone!Don’t get too cute with your resume and cover letter.  Sure, you want to stand out from the competition, but do so through the impressive content of your documents- not by using wacky designs, crazy fonts and colors, or any other overly creative flourishes. Chances are, you won’t be taken seriously as a potentially candidate, and unless it’s asked for it isn’t worth the risk.Don’t let frustration get the better of you.  Job searching today can be a long and protracted experience full of disappointment, especially for millennials, who are used to instant gratification. This can be frustrating for job seekers, but don’t let that frustration defeat or derail you from your ultimate goal- keep things in perspective and find a way to maintain your composure, motivation, and drive during this process.If you’re a millennial on the hunt for a new position, make the most of these dos and don’ts to jumpstart your job search and land your next big professional opportunity. Good luck!

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Free Essays on A World Away

Today was my first time at the Chicago Cultural Center and I enjoyed it to the fullest. In this paper I am supposed to critique an art exhibit but I truly don’t know where to begin. Every time I turned around, there was yet another amazing picture staring me in the face. Photos taken by Chicago based photographer Larry Snider. If I could I would talk about all of them I would but I chose four to elaborate on. The gallery was a piercing white that seemed to make the photographs jump out and engulf you. Photo after photo, I stopped and I studied. The faces were so real it was like looking the actual subject in the eye. I never knew that black and white photography could be so calming. It was like you could feel what these people felt, as they smiled, you could in a sense, feel their happiness. The first photograph I chose was titled Monk Near Stackna Monastery (2003). It was a really good example of limited depth of field. The way the Monk stared at the camera drew you in so close that you would feel like you were the photographer. Every hair in his face was visibly seen. The photo was so clear that you could see every single loose strand of hair that was flying in the wind. All I could do was stand there in utter amazement. Man with long pipe (1990) was the second photograph. It was a full body photo of a man sitting in a chair holding a long pipe. This picture was so beautiful and so textured that you could see the cracks in the door behind him. It looks as though the photo was taken in doors but still had evenness in the contrast. You could even see the paint chippings on the floor alongside the wall. Another photo taken in 1990, 93 Year Old Woman was probably my. It just captured the essence of a strong Asian woman that although elderly, could still take care of herself, by herself (considering the fact that she was standing). Ever wrinkle, smile line, and crease could easily be seen. That was amazing to me, as a woman, ... Free Essays on A World Away Free Essays on A World Away Today was my first time at the Chicago Cultural Center and I enjoyed it to the fullest. In this paper I am supposed to critique an art exhibit but I truly don’t know where to begin. Every time I turned around, there was yet another amazing picture staring me in the face. Photos taken by Chicago based photographer Larry Snider. If I could I would talk about all of them I would but I chose four to elaborate on. The gallery was a piercing white that seemed to make the photographs jump out and engulf you. Photo after photo, I stopped and I studied. The faces were so real it was like looking the actual subject in the eye. I never knew that black and white photography could be so calming. It was like you could feel what these people felt, as they smiled, you could in a sense, feel their happiness. The first photograph I chose was titled Monk Near Stackna Monastery (2003). It was a really good example of limited depth of field. The way the Monk stared at the camera drew you in so close that you would feel like you were the photographer. Every hair in his face was visibly seen. The photo was so clear that you could see every single loose strand of hair that was flying in the wind. All I could do was stand there in utter amazement. Man with long pipe (1990) was the second photograph. It was a full body photo of a man sitting in a chair holding a long pipe. This picture was so beautiful and so textured that you could see the cracks in the door behind him. It looks as though the photo was taken in doors but still had evenness in the contrast. You could even see the paint chippings on the floor alongside the wall. Another photo taken in 1990, 93 Year Old Woman was probably my. It just captured the essence of a strong Asian woman that although elderly, could still take care of herself, by herself (considering the fact that she was standing). Ever wrinkle, smile line, and crease could easily be seen. That was amazing to me, as a woman, ...

Monday, November 4, 2019

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 14

Psychology - Essay Example onal to categorise the human mind as an item of experiment, since one can behave erratically under certain circumstances or irrationality under pressured conditions. Therefore, it has its own pros and cons. 2. Compare and contrast two psychological schools of thought (psychoanalytic, behavioural, cognitive, humanistic, and biological). Which do you believe better explains human behaviour, defend your opinion (at least 3 reasons). The behavioural approach is a scientific study, based on collection and tabulation of data, to analyse the human psychology. For instance, if an individual’s psychological framework has to decided upon or deciphered, a tabulation of his activities, his reactions and other interactions would be made and compared, to obtain a result. It is more of a logical and scientific study. On the other hand, the humanistic school of thought in psychology deals with human beings, not in the form of components or experimental materials. The approach possesses a more humane approach, giving place for feelings, emotions, responsibilities, thought-processes, etc. of humans. It does not merely adopt a scientific approach, and paves way to include the other aspects of humanity, that cannot classify them under experimental scientific components in a laboratory! According to me, the humanistic school of psychological thought explains human behaviour better, since irrational emotions and feelings a re given importance. In addition to this, man is not reduced to a mere experimental device. The approach paves way for the realistic assessment of man’s individuality and capabilities. Thus, it is a better approach. Operant Conditioning is a psychological process, wherein a result is kept in mind and in accordance with it, behaviour

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Central or European youth group and another youth group with Research Paper

Central or European youth group and another youth group with subculture similarities - Research Paper Example There is no wonder therefore that issues of subcultures are most popular with the youth and various youth groups. Through the research, it was actually established that the act of adapting to a particular subculture is actually something that is not the reserve of any particular origination of youth group but that it cuts across almost al parts of the world (Tschopik, 2001). To this end, with any part of the world that a person finds him or herself, there is likely to be some kind of subculture practiced and adhered to. One other peculiar feature of these youth group based subcultures is that they keep changing with time. In the first part of the report, the Mod subculture shall briefly be compared and contrasted to the Ted subculture; all of England. Further on, the Mod subculture shall be compared and contrasted to three other youth groups from other parts of the world including Latin America and Africa. There are three major similarities between the Mod and Ted. First, it was discovered that the two youth groups have a similar origination. Critical research reveals that it is a common thing that whenever one youth group springs up, in a particular country or area of the world, there is the tendency that there will be opposition youth groups to these youth groups (Worn, 1951). For this reason, it is common to find two or more youth groups springing up from just one location. In this case, the two sprang up from England. The second similarity is that the two youth groups came around just at the same time and this was in the 1950s. The same reason why the two groups originated from the same place still holds valid for why just around the same time, there were two different youth groups forming two different subcultures. The final similarity among these two youth groups has to do with the kind of activities they involved themselves in. the research actually reveals that both groups wer e very much into music and fashion. Yet